How to build a mine shaft for a school project West Point
MiningWeekly.com Features Library Headgears & Shaft Shaft sinking refers to shallow shafts and it is different from a deep shaft. The former is sunk for the civil engineering projects and the latter is sunk for the mining projects. When the excavation is done on the ground surface, it is called a shaft and if it is on the underground it is called a sub-shaft. This is also known by the name Winze.
49 Best Themes Underground Mineshaft Tunnels Subway
Properties close to mineshafts Council of Mortgage Lenders. Les travaux sur le site seront effectuГ©s au cours de l'Г©tГ© 2009; ils comprendront la dГ©molition de toutes les structures, l'enlГЁvement des matГ©riaux non dangereux et leur transport vers Colomac, l'enlГЁvement des matГ©riaux dangereux et leur transport vers le sud en vue de leur Г©limination,, Shaft mining or shaft sinking is excavating a vertical or near-vertical tunnel from the top down, where there is initially no access to the bottom.. Shallow shafts, typically sunk for civil engineering projects differ greatly in execution method from deep shafts, typically sunk for mining projects.When the top of the excavation is the ground surface, it is referred to as a shaft; when the top.
04/08/2011В В· We have recently bought a house and have just found out that there is a disused mine shaft 20 meters from our house. We are unsure whether we should go ahead with buying, the house has been around since 1945 and as far as the home report there is no mention of subsidence or damage. Our mortgage has been approved, however I do not know how this will affect our building insurance due to the mine This is a 3D modelling project from one students contribution on his Final Major Project. Adam created the environment and all of the models for this. This involved extensive use of Maya, UDK4 and Photoshop. The final render for the movie was create in After Effects. The emphasis on this project was the creating of "hand-painted textures" using
Cut a cereal box in a line three inches in from one side, going parallel to the side of the box, all the way around (except the back panel). This will make the elevator shaft. Leave a flap on the back panel to serve as the front of the elevator shaft. Cut holes in the flap to make the elevator doorways; bend the flap so that it can cover the This project was sparked by the book Doing the Days (this is a great book for journaling projects!).. The entry for September 3rd says.. "On this day in 1865, Louis Henry Sullivan was born in Boston, Massachusetts.He was an architect who was famous for the way he designed office buildings.
Shaft mining involves just digging on your own in the pursuit of ores. The main way to shaft mine is to dig a staircase leaving you enough room to jump your way back to the surface. You can also actually place stairs which are convenient since jumping up blocks takes … Construction of a steel headframe can be easily interrupted and restarted if necessary for statutory holidays or bad weather, where slip forming concrete is not. Upon mine closure and mine reclamation a steel headframe is easier to demolish and may have value as scrap metal.
Construction of a steel headframe can be easily interrupted and restarted if necessary for statutory holidays or bad weather, where slip forming concrete is not. Upon mine closure and mine reclamation a steel headframe is easier to demolish and may have value as scrap metal. Mine shaft systems division poised for growth. 18th April 2014 Global manufacturer and equipment supplier FLSmidth is initiating a five- to seven-year strategic business plan that will see its
The falling water is transmitted to another machine by the wheel’s shaft or rotating element. It works like a gear. Water Wheel Project. In this project, you’ll make a replica of a water wheel. Water wheels were used to grind grain, saw wood, and pump water. What You Need: Corrugated cardboard or foam board Construction of a steel headframe can be easily interrupted and restarted if necessary for statutory holidays or bad weather, where slip forming concrete is not. Upon mine closure and mine reclamation a steel headframe is easier to demolish and may have value as scrap metal.
Thirteen year-old Tim Johnson shares his methods on how to build a minibike on the cheap, including finding a minibike frame, essential parts, and how to put together the minibike. Nov 12, 2013 - Themes - Underground, Mineshaft, Tunnels, Subway - Haunted houses, yards, and attractions for Halloween. See more ideas about Halloween, Halloween decorations and Halloween projects.
04/08/2011 · We have recently bought a house and have just found out that there is a disused mine shaft 20 meters from our house. We are unsure whether we should go ahead with buying, the house has been around since 1945 and as far as the home report there is no mention of subsidence or damage. Our mortgage has been approved, however I do not know how this will affect our building insurance due to the mine Using Mine Shaft Part 2, facilitate a discussion about the differences between the consecutive step numbers and the differences between the consecutive position numbers and how they are related to …
A hydraulic lift is a simple machine that uses the transfer of pressure through an enclosed static liquid medium (usually an oil of some sort) to lift heavy machinery. In accordance with Pascal's principle, the pressure is transmitted from one end of the hydraulic lift to the other undiminished. Download 196 Mine Shaft Headgear Stock Photos for FREE or amazingly low rates! New users enjoy 60% OFF. 123,123,182 stock photos online.
Thirteen year-old Tim Johnson shares his methods on how to build a minibike on the cheap, including finding a minibike frame, essential parts, and how to put together the minibike. Lay two Popsicle sticks vertically on a flat surface. The sticks should be parallel and far enough apart to put a thread spool between them. Place one thread spool between the Popsicle sticks, so the ends of the Popsicle sticks are even with the outside of the spool of thread.
Cut a cereal box in a line three inches in from one side, going parallel to the side of the box, all the way around (except the back panel). This will make the elevator shaft. Leave a flap on the back panel to serve as the front of the elevator shaft. Cut holes in the flap to make the elevator doorways; bend the flap so that it can cover the From 1 st July the Council of Mortgage Lenders is integrated into a new trade association, UK Finance. For the time being, all UKF mortgage information will continue to be published on this website, and UKF member-only mortgage information will only be available here.. UK Finance represents around 300 firms in the UK providing credit, banking, markets and payment-related services.
07/08/2006 · What is a good science project and turns really fast? An electric motor! I built an electric motor for my school science project in third grade. It was fun to build and got a lot of attention at the school’s science fair. I was looking in a book for a science project idea when I saw instructions for building an electric motor. My parents Sooner or later every homeowner needs a good winch. Not necessarily a heavy-duty industrial model, but a reliable unit that can lift a ton without raising a sweat. Something that won't cost an arm
Build a Homemade Winch for $35 DIY - MOTHER EARTH NEWS. 16/01/2020В В· How to Build a Popsicle Stick Tower. Popsicle stick towers are a common engineering project to be assigned in school.Your assignment may have various criteria for height, weight, and number of popsicles, but this guide will give you a..., Project management,andthedesignofshaft-sinkingprojects ENGINEERING ADMINISTRATION SERVICES DPERATIDNS MANAGER 1 DESIGN CONSTRUCTION- - f'URCHASING - --FINANCE-----Figure 2-Theproject-related matrix ~ 150 Organizational StructureforaShaft-sinking Project Shaft-sinkingprojects, dependingonthescope, oftenqualifyformega-project status. Thescope.
Mine Shaft Headgear Stock Photos Download 196 Royalty
Headframe Wikipedia. This Mine Shaft Grade 8 Slope Lesson Plan is suitable for 8th Grade. Eighth graders investigate slopes using real life scenario. In this algebra lesson, 8th graders model and interpret real life data., This Mine Shaft Grade 8 Slope Lesson Plan is suitable for 8th Grade. Eighth graders investigate slopes using real life scenario. In this algebra lesson, 8th graders model and interpret real life data..
Mining project working model YouTube
Headframe Wikipedia. An ore body has been discovered near your school at a depth of 50 meters. A decision has been made to sink a small sampling shaft to this depth to do the sampling. Your mechanical engineering company has decided to submit a tender for the construction of a small shaft headgear suitable to transport miners construction of a small shaft headgear suitable to transport miners underground and lift Sooner or later every homeowner needs a good winch. Not necessarily a heavy-duty industrial model, but a reliable unit that can lift a ton without raising a sweat. Something that won't cost an arm.
Les travaux sur le site seront effectués au cours de l'été 2009; ils comprendront la démolition de toutes les structures, l'enlèvement des matériaux non dangereux et leur transport vers Colomac, l'enlèvement des matériaux dangereux et leur transport vers le sud en vue de leur élimination, Here is a Table to help or show you how to estimate the cost of building a mine in today’s market. You can roughly estimate how much is the cost of building a new mine by its rated capacity. The daily plant tonnage MULTIPLIED by $5000 to $25000 of the 2013 US$. A good rule of thumb for any metallurgist. Below are examples of today’s project and there cost estimates.
Shaft sinking refers to shallow shafts and it is different from a deep shaft. The former is sunk for the civil engineering projects and the latter is sunk for the mining projects. When the excavation is done on the ground surface, it is called a shaft and if it is on the underground it is called a sub-shaft. This is also known by the name Winze. Shaft sinking refers to shallow shafts and it is different from a deep shaft. The former is sunk for the civil engineering projects and the latter is sunk for the mining projects. When the excavation is done on the ground surface, it is called a shaft and if it is on the underground it is called a sub-shaft. This is also known by the name Winze.
Share this project with friends, family, or anyone else you think may enjoy it! Add it to your social bookmark accounts now so you can keep it for reference in the future and access from home, school, work, or even the local coffee shop! This set of four mini pulleys allows you to experiment with motorized cars and equipment of your own design. The small 10mm diameter pulley has a 2mm-diameter hole that push-fits the shafts on our small motors.The three other pulleys are 20mm, 30mm, and 40mm in diameter.
Shaft mining involves just digging on your own in the pursuit of ores. The main way to shaft mine is to dig a staircase leaving you enough room to jump your way back to the surface. You can also actually place stairs which are convenient since jumping up blocks takes … How to Make a Mini Water Pump: This tutorial is on how to build a mini electric pump (for pumping water). The pump can be useful for small applications or just as a fun craft. One of the best things about this build is that almost everyone should have access to the materials ne...
In Canada, shaft-sinking is under way in both Saskatchewan and New Brunswick, while Russia’s potash-mining industry is also set for a major expansion. A new deep-mine potash project is even under evaluation in the U.K., and in each case, the arrival of new players into the market has under-pinned the surge in development activity. 07/07/2011 · Mine Exploration Forum - View Topic - UK Mine Exploration Forums - General Chat - Resposability for cost Of mine shaft capping Mine exploration, photographs and mining history for mine explorers, industrial archaeologists, researchers and historians Mine explorer and mining history videos on YouTube Connect with other mine explorers on Facebook
Share this project with friends, family, or anyone else you think may enjoy it! Add it to your social bookmark accounts now so you can keep it for reference in the future and access from home, school, work, or even the local coffee shop! St. Matthews High School has decided to submit a teacher for this construction (Mr. Mxotwa). This project/assignment consists of the following: scenario investigation, initial ideas, design brief, first angle orthographic projection, isometric drawings and budgeting & costing.
The Bakubung mine development project entails the sinking of a twin vertical shaft system, which will be developed by multidisciplinary construction and engineering group Aveng Grinaker LTA. This Mine Shaft Grade 8 Slope Lesson Plan is suitable for 8th Grade. Eighth graders investigate slopes using real life scenario. In this algebra lesson, 8th graders model and interpret real life data.
This is a 3D modelling project from one students contribution on his Final Major Project. Adam created the environment and all of the models for this. This involved extensive use of Maya, UDK4 and Photoshop. The final render for the movie was create in After Effects. The emphasis on this project was the creating of "hand-painted textures" using Mine shaft systems division poised for growth. 18th April 2014 Global manufacturer and equipment supplier FLSmidth is initiating a five- to seven-year strategic business plan that will see its
This is a 3D modelling project from one students contribution on his Final Major Project. Adam created the environment and all of the models for this. This involved extensive use of Maya, UDK4 and Photoshop. The final render for the movie was create in After Effects. The emphasis on this project was the creating of "hand-painted textures" using A Mine Entry Building over or within the influencing distance of a mine entry (shaft or adit) can be dangerous and has the potential for significant risks to both the development and the occupiers if not undertaken appropriately. The Coal Authority own the majority of the coal mine …
A glimpse at some of the mine shafts and workings on the Great Lode near Pool (Image: Abandoned Mine Models). Dr Russ said his final year project as a student at Camborne School of Mines was to A glimpse at some of the mine shafts and workings on the Great Lode near Pool (Image: Abandoned Mine Models). Dr Russ said his final year project as a student at Camborne School of Mines was to
Download Mine shaft stock photos. Affordable and search from millions of royalty free images, photos and vectors. Shaft sinking refers to shallow shafts and it is different from a deep shaft. The former is sunk for the civil engineering projects and the latter is sunk for the mining projects. When the excavation is done on the ground surface, it is called a shaft and if it is on the underground it is called a sub-shaft. This is also known by the name Winze.
Mineshaft 3D modeling Project on Vimeo
Learner Activities St Matthews High School. A Mine Entry Building over or within the influencing distance of a mine entry (shaft or adit) can be dangerous and has the potential for significant risks to both the development and the occupiers if not undertaken appropriately. The Coal Authority own the majority of the coal mine …, 07/07/2011 · Mine Exploration Forum - View Topic - UK Mine Exploration Forums - General Chat - Resposability for cost Of mine shaft capping Mine exploration, photographs and mining history for mine explorers, industrial archaeologists, researchers and historians Mine explorer and mining history videos on YouTube Connect with other mine explorers on Facebook.
How to Make a Hydraulic Lift for a School Project Sciencing
View Topic Resposability for cost Of mine shaft capping. I like to use the larger paper towel tubes for the straight parts of my slide. You could build a really long slide instead of a spiraling one! 6. Add curves by trimming the tubes to make them fit. Don’t be afraid of using extra glue or sticky dots! 7. The last piece you’ll need is 'the drop' where you will pop your marble into the slide. A paper cup or a shortened tube works great. Make sure your drop piece is angled down …, 20/07/2016 · Ibrahim Rejaldien.
In Canada, shaft-sinking is under way in both Saskatchewan and New Brunswick, while Russia’s potash-mining industry is also set for a major expansion. A new deep-mine potash project is even under evaluation in the U.K., and in each case, the arrival of new players into the market has under-pinned the surge in development activity. Sooner or later every homeowner needs a good winch. Not necessarily a heavy-duty industrial model, but a reliable unit that can lift a ton without raising a sweat. Something that won't cost an arm
A Mine Entry Building over or within the influencing distance of a mine entry (shaft or adit) can be dangerous and has the potential for significant risks to both the development and the occupiers if not undertaken appropriately. The Coal Authority own the majority of the coal mine … Policy for building over or within the influencing distance of a mine entry PDF , 22KB , 1 page This file may not be suitable for users of assistive technology.
Cut a cereal box in a line three inches in from one side, going parallel to the side of the box, all the way around (except the back panel). This will make the elevator shaft. Leave a flap on the back panel to serve as the front of the elevator shaft. Cut holes in the flap to make the elevator doorways; bend the flap so that it can cover the The falling water is transmitted to another machine by the wheel’s shaft or rotating element. It works like a gear. Water Wheel Project. In this project, you’ll make a replica of a water wheel. Water wheels were used to grind grain, saw wood, and pump water. What You Need: Corrugated cardboard or foam board
This Mine Shaft Grade 8 Slope Lesson Plan is suitable for 8th Grade. Eighth graders investigate slopes using real life scenario. In this algebra lesson, 8th graders model and interpret real life data. The title of the exhibition, which has been displayed at the Gold of Africa Museum in Cape Town after a stint in Johannesburg, refers to the monumental metal structures that sit above mine shafts, also known as winding gear, mine heads or shaft heads. Unite sees some resonance between these icons of industry and the axis mundi, an archetypal
This is a 3D modelling project from one students contribution on his Final Major Project. Adam created the environment and all of the models for this. This involved extensive use of Maya, UDK4 and Photoshop. The final render for the movie was create in After Effects. The emphasis on this project was the creating of "hand-painted textures" using This is a 3D modelling project from one students contribution on his Final Major Project. Adam created the environment and all of the models for this. This involved extensive use of Maya, UDK4 and Photoshop. The final render for the movie was create in After Effects. The emphasis on this project was the creating of "hand-painted textures" using
Sooner or later every homeowner needs a good winch. Not necessarily a heavy-duty industrial model, but a reliable unit that can lift a ton without raising a sweat. Something that won't cost an arm The falling water is transmitted to another machine by the wheel’s shaft or rotating element. It works like a gear. Water Wheel Project. In this project, you’ll make a replica of a water wheel. Water wheels were used to grind grain, saw wood, and pump water. What You Need: Corrugated cardboard or foam board
Sooner or later every homeowner needs a good winch. Not necessarily a heavy-duty industrial model, but a reliable unit that can lift a ton without raising a sweat. Something that won't cost an arm Casing, lining 16.11 (1) Every shaft and winze of a mine or project shall be securely cased, lined, or timbered and during sinking operations the casing, lining, or timbering shall be maintained within a safe distance, not exceeding 15 m (50 ft.) from the bottom. Guides (2) Guides, guide attachments and shaft casing, lining or timbering shall be
The title of the exhibition, which has been displayed at the Gold of Africa Museum in Cape Town after a stint in Johannesburg, refers to the monumental metal structures that sit above mine shafts, also known as winding gear, mine heads or shaft heads. Unite sees some resonance between these icons of industry and the axis mundi, an archetypal 07/08/2006 · What is a good science project and turns really fast? An electric motor! I built an electric motor for my school science project in third grade. It was fun to build and got a lot of attention at the school’s science fair. I was looking in a book for a science project idea when I saw instructions for building an electric motor. My parents
DESIGN OF MINE SHAFT ELEVATOR Asst.Prof. Dr. Gerdemeli I.1, Candas A.2, Unalan M.3 Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Istanbul Technical University - Turkey1,2,3 Abstract: This study is focused on basic design of mine shaft elevator. After discussing design basic of mine shaft elevators and Thirteen year-old Tim Johnson shares his methods on how to build a minibike on the cheap, including finding a minibike frame, essential parts, and how to put together the minibike.
Project management,andthedesignofshaft-sinkingprojects ENGINEERING ADMINISTRATION SERVICES DPERATIDNS MANAGER 1 DESIGN CONSTRUCTION- - f'URCHASING - --FINANCE-----Figure 2-Theproject-related matrix ~ 150 Organizational StructureforaShaft-sinking Project Shaft-sinkingprojects, dependingonthescope, oftenqualifyformega-project status. Thescope 20/07/2016В В· Ibrahim Rejaldien
Using Mine Shaft Part 2, facilitate a discussion about the differences between the consecutive step numbers and the differences between the consecutive position numbers and how they are related to … Here is a Table to help or show you how to estimate the cost of building a mine in today’s market. You can roughly estimate how much is the cost of building a new mine by its rated capacity. The daily plant tonnage MULTIPLIED by $5000 to $25000 of the 2013 US$. A good rule of thumb for any metallurgist. Below are examples of today’s project and there cost estimates.
mine shaft Traduction française – Linguee
Lesson Plan Mine Shaft Grade 8 Slope Thinkport.org. Cut a cereal box in a line three inches in from one side, going parallel to the side of the box, all the way around (except the back panel). This will make the elevator shaft. Leave a flap on the back panel to serve as the front of the elevator shaft. Cut holes in the flap to make the elevator doorways; bend the flap so that it can cover the, iRubric NXW85A6: The task is to build a structure, i.e. A WORKING PULLEY (Mining theme), using the knowledge you will gain in class. You will have to submit a model and a booklet containing a design brief. The structure may be built from any material but must resemble a mining headgear and shaft. The structure will be tested in class to see that it completes its function...
HOME DZINE Craft Ideas Kids project... Marble drop mine
Properties close to mineshafts Council of Mortgage Lenders. Nov 12, 2013 - Themes - Underground, Mineshaft, Tunnels, Subway - Haunted houses, yards, and attractions for Halloween. See more ideas about Halloween, Halloween decorations and Halloween projects. 07/07/2011В В· Mine Exploration Forum - View Topic - UK Mine Exploration Forums - General Chat - Resposability for cost Of mine shaft capping Mine exploration, photographs and mining history for mine explorers, industrial archaeologists, researchers and historians Mine explorer and mining history videos on YouTube Connect with other mine explorers on Facebook.
Project management,andthedesignofshaft-sinkingprojects ENGINEERING ADMINISTRATION SERVICES DPERATIDNS MANAGER 1 DESIGN CONSTRUCTION- - f'URCHASING - --FINANCE-----Figure 2-Theproject-related matrix ~ 150 Organizational StructureforaShaft-sinking Project Shaft-sinkingprojects, dependingonthescope, oftenqualifyformega-project status. Thescope Hey Guys New Map Download map now! The Minecraft Project, Mine Shaft, was posted by TheEngyBuilder_927.
The Components of a Mine Shaft: Mine Skips and Cages Before a mining project commences, the site in question is thoroughly explored, entailing a series of lengthy and complex analyses and appraisals to determine the feasibility of the project and the most efficient process to implement. Home How To How to make a water pump for a school project. How To; How to make a water pump for a school project. By. Sunmaker - March 2, 2018. 0. 9860. Facebook. Twitter. Google+. Pinterest. WhatsApp. Spread the love. Build a water pump that will generate enough force to power a water wheel with pulley that can lift heavy weights. Essential Questions: Why is access to clean water so important
A Mine Entry Building over or within the influencing distance of a mine entry (shaft or adit) can be dangerous and has the potential for significant risks to both the development and the occupiers if not undertaken appropriately. The Coal Authority own the majority of the coal mine … Casing, lining 16.11 (1) Every shaft and winze of a mine or project shall be securely cased, lined, or timbered and during sinking operations the casing, lining, or timbering shall be maintained within a safe distance, not exceeding 15 m (50 ft.) from the bottom. Guides (2) Guides, guide attachments and shaft casing, lining or timbering shall be
04/08/2011 · We have recently bought a house and have just found out that there is a disused mine shaft 20 meters from our house. We are unsure whether we should go ahead with buying, the house has been around since 1945 and as far as the home report there is no mention of subsidence or damage. Our mortgage has been approved, however I do not know how this will affect our building insurance due to the mine The falling water is transmitted to another machine by the wheel’s shaft or rotating element. It works like a gear. Water Wheel Project. In this project, you’ll make a replica of a water wheel. Water wheels were used to grind grain, saw wood, and pump water. What You Need: Corrugated cardboard or foam board
Sooner or later every homeowner needs a good winch. Not necessarily a heavy-duty industrial model, but a reliable unit that can lift a ton without raising a sweat. Something that won't cost an arm This Mine Shaft Grade 8 Slope Lesson Plan is suitable for 8th Grade. Eighth graders investigate slopes using real life scenario. In this algebra lesson, 8th graders model and interpret real life data.
A Mine Entry Building over or within the influencing distance of a mine entry (shaft or adit) can be dangerous and has the potential for significant risks to both the development and the occupiers if not undertaken appropriately. The Coal Authority own the majority of the coal mine … I like to use the larger paper towel tubes for the straight parts of my slide. You could build a really long slide instead of a spiraling one! 6. Add curves by trimming the tubes to make them fit. Don’t be afraid of using extra glue or sticky dots! 7. The last piece you’ll need is 'the drop' where you will pop your marble into the slide. A paper cup or a shortened tube works great. Make sure your drop piece is angled down …
How to Make a Mini Water Pump: This tutorial is on how to build a mini electric pump (for pumping water). The pump can be useful for small applications or just as a fun craft. One of the best things about this build is that almost everyone should have access to the materials ne... This project was sparked by the book Doing the Days (this is a great book for journaling projects!).. The entry for September 3rd says.. "On this day in 1865, Louis Henry Sullivan was born in Boston, Massachusetts.He was an architect who was famous for the way he designed office buildings.
Share this project with friends, family, or anyone else you think may enjoy it! Add it to your social bookmark accounts now so you can keep it for reference in the future and access from home, school, work, or even the local coffee shop! This project was sparked by the book Doing the Days (this is a great book for journaling projects!).. The entry for September 3rd says.. "On this day in 1865, Louis Henry Sullivan was born in Boston, Massachusetts.He was an architect who was famous for the way he designed office buildings.
28/12/2016В В· This is mining process depicting prototype for civil students and engineering POC's. Product Info: This is DIY home automation kit that kids can build. About... How to Make a Mini Water Pump: This tutorial is on how to build a mini electric pump (for pumping water). The pump can be useful for small applications or just as a fun craft. One of the best things about this build is that almost everyone should have access to the materials ne...
This is a 3D modelling project from one students contribution on his Final Major Project. Adam created the environment and all of the models for this. This involved extensive use of Maya, UDK4 and Photoshop. The final render for the movie was create in After Effects. The emphasis on this project was the creating of "hand-painted textures" using Shaft mining or shaft sinking is excavating a vertical or near-vertical tunnel from the top down, where there is initially no access to the bottom.. Shallow shafts, typically sunk for civil engineering projects differ greatly in execution method from deep shafts, typically sunk for mining projects.When the top of the excavation is the ground surface, it is referred to as a shaft; when the top
20/07/2016В В· Ibrahim Rejaldien The Bakubung mine development project entails the sinking of a twin vertical shaft system, which will be developed by multidisciplinary construction and engineering group Aveng Grinaker LTA.
